索引API
这些API负责管理索引的所有方面,如设置、别名、映射、索引模板。
创建索引
这个API用来创建索引,当用户将JSON对象传递给索引时,可以自动创建索引,也可以在此之前手动创建索引。要创建索引,您只需要发送一个带有settings、mappings和aliases的post请求,或者只发送一个不带正文的简单请求。例如,
POST /colleges
响应
{"acknowledged":true}
或者,附带一些settings.
POST /colleges
{
"settings" : {
"index" : {
"number_of_shards" : 5, "number_of_replicas" : 3
}
}
}
响应
{"acknowledged":true}
或者,附带一些mapping.
POST /colleges
{
"settings" : {
"number_of_shards" : 3
},
"mappings" : {
"type1" : {
"_source" : { "enabled" : false }, "properties" : {
"college_name" : { "type" : "string" }, "college type" : {"type":"string"}
}
}
}
}
响应
{"acknowledged":true}
或者,附带一些alias。
POST /colleges
{
"aliases" : {
"alias_1" : {}, "alias_2" : {
"filter" : {
"term" : {"user" : "manu" }
},
"routing" : "manu"
}
}
}
响应
{"acknowledged":true}
删除索引
该API用来删除任何索引。您只需要传递一个带有特定索引名称的删除请求。例如,
DELETE /colleges
使用_all,*即可删除所有索引。
获取索引
这个API可以通过向一个或多个索引发送get请求,这将返回关于索引的信息。
GET /schools
响应
{
"schools":{
"aliases":{}, "mappings":{
"school":{
"properties":{
"city":{"type":"string"}, "description":{"type":"string"},
"fees":{"type":"long"}, "location":{"type":"double"},
"name":{"type":"string"}, "rating":{"type":"string"},
"state":{"type":"string"}, "street":{"type":"string"},
"tags":{"type":"string"}, "zip":{"type":"string"}
}
}
},
"settings":{
"index":{
"creation_date":"1454409831535", "number_of_shards":"5",
"number_of_replicas":"1", "uuid":"iKdjTtXQSMCW4xZMhpsOVA",
"version":{"created":"2010199"}
}
},
"warmers":{}
}
}
您可以使用_all或*获取所有的信息。
检查索引是否存在
向某个索引发送GET请求,就可以确定该索引是否存在。如果HTTP响应为200,则存在;如果是404,则不存在。
开启/关闭索引
通过在请求中添加_close或_open来请求索引,关闭或打开一个或多个索引非常容易。例如,
POST /schools/_close
或者
POST /schools/_open
索引别名
这个API通过使用_aliases关键字帮助给索引赋予别名。单个别名可以映射到多个别名,别名不能与索引同名。例如,
POST /_aliases
{
"actions" : [
{ "add" : { "index" : "schools", "alias" : "schools_pri" } }
]
}
响应
{"acknowledged":true}
然后,
GET /schools_pri
响应
………………………………………………
{"schools":{"aliases":{"schools_pri":{}},"}}
………………………………………………
索引设置
可以通过在网址末尾附加_settings关键字来获得索引的设置。例如,
GET /schools/_settings
响应
{
"schools":{
"settings":{
"index":{
"creation_date":"1454409831535", "number_of_shards":"5",
"number_of_replicas":"1", "uuid":"iKdjTtXQSMCW4xZMhpsOVA",
"version":{"created":"2010199"}
}
}
}
}
分词
该API帮助分析文本并发送带有偏移值和数据类型的token。例如,
POST /_analyze
{
"analyzer" : "standard",
"text" : "you are reading this at tutorials point"
}
响应
{
"tokens":[
{"token":"you", "start_offset":0, "end_offset":3, "type":"<ALPHANUM>", "position":0},
{"token":"are", "start_offset":4, "end_offset":7, "type":"<ALPHANUM>", "position":1},
{"token":"reading", "start_offset":8, "end_offset":15, "type":"<ALPHANUM>", "position":2},
{"token":"this", "start_offset":16, "end_offset":20, "type":"<ALPHANUM>", "position":3},
{"token":"at", "start_offset":21, "end_offset":23, "type":"<ALPHANUM>", "position":4},
{"token":"tutorials", "start_offset":24, "end_offset":33, "type":"<ALPHANUM>", "position":5},
{"token":"point", "start_offset":34, "end_offset":39, "type":"<ALPHANUM>", "position":6}
]
}
您也可以使用索引来分析文本,然后将根据与该索引相关联的分析器来分析文本。
索引模板
您还可以创建带有映射的索引模板,这些模板可以应用于新的索引。例如,
POST /_template/template_a
{
"template" : "tu*",
"settings" : {
"number_of_shards" : 3
},
"mappings" : {
"chapter" : {
"_source" : { "enabled" : false }
}
}
}
任何以“tu”开头的索引都将具有与template_a相同的设置。
索引统计
该API帮助您提取特定索引的统计信息。您只需要发送一个带有索引网址和_stats关键字的获取请求。
GET /schools/_stats
响应
………………………………………………
{"_shards":{"total":10, "successful":5, "failed":0}, "_all":{"primaries":{"docs":{
"count":3, "deleted":0}}}, "store":{"size_in_bytes":16653, "throttle_time_in_millis":0},
………………………………………………
Flush
此API用于清除索引内存中的数据并将其迁移到索引存储中,还可以清除内部事务日志。例如,
GET /schools/_flush
响应
{"_shards":{"total":10, "successful":5, "failed":0}}
刷新
默认情况下,ElasticSearch会定时刷新,但是您可以使用_refresh显式刷新一个或多个索引。例如,
GET /schools/_refresh
响应
{"_shards":{"total":10, "successful":5, "failed":0}}